{"id":7314,"date":"2021-01-26T11:28:00","date_gmt":"2021-01-26T08:28:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/?p=7314"},"modified":"2021-04-18T16:36:06","modified_gmt":"2021-04-18T13:36:06","slug":"yabani-zehirli-bitkiler","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/index.php\/2021\/01\/26\/yabani-zehirli-bitkiler\/","title":{"rendered":"Yabani Zehirli Bitkiler"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span style=\"color:#25a608\" class=\"has-inline-color\">Tan\u0131ma ve \u00f6nlemler<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><br>Zehirli bitkiler do\u011fada ve \u00fclkemizde de bol miktarda bulunur. Bu nedenle, onlar\u0131 nas\u0131l tan\u0131yaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 ve do\u011fru \u00f6nlemleri alaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 bilmek \u00f6nemli hale geliyor.<br>Faydal\u0131 \u00f6zelliklere sahip olan bir\u00e7ok yabani ve kendili\u011finden yeti\u015fen bitkiden bahsettik. Bir\u00e7o\u011fu yenilebilir veya belirli dozlar i\u00e7in kullan\u0131\u015fl\u0131d\u0131r. Hayranlar taraf\u0131ndan en \u00e7ok bilinen ve sevilenler aras\u0131nda hat\u0131rlayabildi\u011fimiz: St.John&#8217;s Wort, karahindiba, yabani ebeg\u00fcmeci, semizotu, hodan. \u015eimdi bunun yerine T\u00fcrkiye topraklar\u0131nda da\u011f\u0131lan en yayg\u0131n ve tehlikeli zehirli bitkiler hangileri g\u00f6relim ve bir foto\u011fraf galerisi arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla onlar\u0131 tan\u0131maya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fal\u0131m. Onlarla, belki de mantar aramak i\u00e7in bir gezi s\u0131ras\u0131nda kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fma riski y\u00fcksektir. Bu nedenle, onlar\u0131 nas\u0131l tan\u0131mlayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 bilmek iyidir.<br><br>Dahas\u0131, ara s\u0131ra yutulmas\u0131 durumunda neden olabilecekleri toksik etkilerin hangileri oldu\u011funu ke\u015ffedelim, ki bu maalesef d\u0131\u015flanacak bir olas\u0131l\u0131k de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span style=\"color:#25a608\" class=\"has-inline-color\">Kurtbo\u011fan otu \/ Aconitum napellus<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kurtbo\u011fan otu, Rancunculaceae familyas\u0131na ait \u00e7ok y\u0131ll\u0131k, zehirli otsu bir bitkidir.<br>Boyu 50 cm&#8217;den 2 metreye kadar olan rizomat\u00f6z bir jeofitik bitkidir yani kendi tomurcuklar\u0131n\u0131 yeralt\u0131nda ta\u015f\u0131r.<br>G\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir g\u00f6vdeye sahip, ye\u015fil renkli ve az dall\u0131, dik bir \u015fekle sahiptir.<br>\u0130ki \u00e7e\u015fit yapra\u011f\u0131 vard\u0131r. Bazal olanlar \u00fcstte koyu ye\u015fil ve altta beyaz\u0131ms\u0131 bir yaprak sap\u0131na sahiptir. Bunlar, m\u0131zrak \u015feklinde ve yakla\u015f\u0131k 8 cm geni\u015fli\u011finde ve 12 cm uzunlu\u011funda boyutlara sahip t\u00fcys\u00fcz bir yaprak b\u0131\u00e7a\u011f\u0131na sahiptir.<br>Ve sonra, daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck boyutta, kesikli bir lamina ve daha dar loblara sahip sap yapraklar\u0131 vard\u0131r.<br>\u00c7i\u00e7eklenme, mor \u00e7i\u00e7ekleri olan sivri u\u00e7lu bir terminal salk\u0131m\u0131ndan olu\u015fur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span style=\"color:#25a608\" class=\"has-inline-color\">Kurtbo\u011fan otunun riskleri<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bu bitki \u00e7ok zehirlidir, eski zamanlarda cinayet ama\u00e7l\u0131 kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Yutulmas\u0131 halinde 30 dakika i\u00e7inde a\u011f\u0131z bo\u015flu\u011funda kar\u0131ncalanmaya ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak paresteziye neden olur. Daha sonra semptomlar geli\u015ferek anestezi etkisi, kas zay\u0131fl\u0131\u011f\u0131, solunum yetmezli\u011fi, kalp fibrilasyonuna neden olur. En g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bitki zehirlerinden biri olan aconitine de dahil olmak \u00fczere bir\u00e7ok toksik alkaloid i\u00e7erir. Bu alkaloid, sodyum kanallar\u0131na etki ederek onlar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k tutar ve b\u00f6ylece kalp bu kanallar\u0131n ritmik a\u00e7\u0131lma ve kapanmas\u0131na ihtiya\u00e7 duydu\u011fundan kalp durmas\u0131na neden olur. Sadece birka\u00e7 gram bitki \u00f6l\u00fcm riskini almak i\u00e7in yeterlidir.<br>Etken maddeleri cilt taraf\u0131ndan \u00e7ok kolay emilir, bu nedenle basit temas bile ciddi sorunlara neden olabilir. Belirli bir panzehir yoktur, bu nedenle, e\u011fer onu tan\u0131rsan\u0131z, ondan uzak durun.<br>\u00c7in&#8217;de bitkiler taraf\u0131ndan zehirlenmenin ilk nedenlerinden biri olarak kabul edilir, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc zehirli bitkiler kategorisine girmesine ra\u011fmen geleneksel t\u0131pta kullan\u0131l\u0131r (nas\u0131l oldu\u011funu bilmiyoruz).<br>\u00dclkemizde da\u011fl\u0131k alanlar boyunca, ormanl\u0131k, \u00e7ay\u0131rl\u0131k ve meralarda 600 ila 2600 metre rak\u0131ml\u0131 olduk\u00e7a yayg\u0131n bir bitkidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery columns-2 is-cropped wp-block-gallery-1 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\"><ul class=\"blocks-gallery-grid\"><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><a href=\"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/kurtbogan1.jpg\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/kurtbogan1-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"7317\" data-full-url=\"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/kurtbogan1.jpg\" data-link=\"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/?attachment_id=7317#main\" class=\"wp-image-7317\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/kurtbogan1-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/kurtbogan1-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/kurtbogan1-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/kurtbogan1-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/kurtbogan1.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><\/li><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><a href=\"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/Kurtbogan.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"960\" height=\"640\" src=\"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/Kurtbogan.jpg\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"7316\" data-full-url=\"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/Kurtbogan.jpg\" data-link=\"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/?attachment_id=7316#main\" class=\"wp-image-7316\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/Kurtbogan.jpg 960w, https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/Kurtbogan-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/Kurtbogan-768x512.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 960px) 100vw, 960px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><\/li><\/ul><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span style=\"color:#25a608\" class=\"has-inline-color\">\u00c7oban p\u00fcsk\u00fcl\u00fc \/ Ilex aquifolium<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0130nsanlar i\u00e7in zehirli olan di\u011fer bir t\u00fcr \u00e7oban p\u00fcsk\u00fcl\u00fc, ayn\u0131 zamanda dikenli defne, b\u00fcy\u00fck kasap s\u00fcp\u00fcrgesi olarak da bilinen, bilimsel ad\u0131 Ilex aquifolium &#8216;dur. Aquifoliaceae familyas\u0131na ait, \u00e7al\u0131l\u0131k, zehirli bir bitkidir.<br>10 metreye kadar y\u00fcksekli\u011fe ula\u015fabilir ve piramit \u015feklinde bir tac\u0131 vard\u0131r. Ye\u015filimsi dallara sahip p\u00fcr\u00fczs\u00fcz, gri renkli bir kabu\u011fu vard\u0131r.<br>Yapraklar ye\u015fil, koyu renkli ve parlakt\u0131r ve tipik dikenli kenar bo\u015fluklar\u0131 vard\u0131r.<br>\u00c7i\u00e7ekler k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck aksiller demetler halinde toplanm\u0131\u015f beyaz veya pembemsidir.<br>K\u0131\u015f aylar\u0131nda olgunla\u015fan meyveler parlak k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 meyvelerdir.<br>\u00c7oban p\u00fcsk\u00fcl\u00fc, kendili\u011findendir ve \u00fclkemizin her yerinde bulunur. Noel gelene\u011fiyle ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 bir bitki olarak dekoratif ama\u00e7l\u0131 fidanl\u0131klarda da yeti\u015ftirilir. Bu nedenle \u00e7it bah\u00e7elerinde bulunmas\u0131 yayg\u0131nd\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><br><br><span style=\"color:#25a608\" class=\"has-inline-color\">\u00c7oban p\u00fcsk\u00fcl\u00fcn\u00fcn riskleri<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><br>\u00c7obanp\u00fcsk\u00fcl\u00fc ile \u00e7ocuklar \u00e7ok risk alt\u0131ndad\u0131r, rengarenk k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 meyvelerden do\u011fal bir \u015fekilde etkilenirler.<br>Toksisitesi, meyvelerdeki saponinlerin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan kaynaklan\u0131r, ancak ayn\u0131 zamanda eser miktarda teobromin, ilisin ve iliksantin i\u00e7erir.<br>Meyvelerin yutulmas\u0131 durumunda semptomlar gastrointestinal sistemdir: mide bulant\u0131s\u0131, kusma ve ishal. En az 2-3 tane \u00e7ilek yedikten sonra ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmaya ba\u015flarlar.<br>\u00d6l\u00fcmc\u00fcl bir t\u00fcr de\u011fil.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery columns-2 is-cropped wp-block-gallery-2 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\"><ul class=\"blocks-gallery-grid\"><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><a href=\"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/coban-puskulu.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/coban-puskulu-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"7318\" data-full-url=\"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/coban-puskulu.jpg\" data-link=\"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/?attachment_id=7318#main\" class=\"wp-image-7318\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/coban-puskulu-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/coban-puskulu-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/coban-puskulu-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/coban-puskulu-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/coban-puskulu.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><\/li><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><a href=\"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/coban-puskulu1.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"960\" height=\"640\" src=\"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/coban-puskulu1.jpg\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"7319\" data-full-url=\"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/coban-puskulu1.jpg\" data-link=\"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/?attachment_id=7319#main\" class=\"wp-image-7319\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/coban-puskulu1.jpg 960w, https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/coban-puskulu1-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/coban-puskulu1-768x512.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 960px) 100vw, 960px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><\/li><\/ul><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span style=\"color:#25a608\" class=\"has-inline-color\">G\u00fczelavrat otu \/ Atropa belladonna<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">G\u00fczelavrat otu (Atropa belladonna), Solanaceae familyas\u0131na ait \u00e7i\u00e7ekli bir bitkidir.<br>Ayn\u0131 familyaya, domates, patl\u0131can, biber, patates gibi daha bilinen di\u011fer bitkiler dahildir.<br>G\u00fczelavrat otu, \u00e7ok y\u0131ll\u0131k zehirli bitkiler grubunun bir par\u00e7as\u0131d\u0131r.<br>1.5 metre y\u00fcksekli\u011fe ula\u015fabilen g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ve dall\u0131 bir g\u00f6vdeyi ba\u015flatan b\u00fcy\u00fck bir k\u00f6ksap\u0131 vard\u0131r. Yapraklar\u0131, basit oval-m\u0131zrak \u015feklinde bir yaprak sap\u0131 ile donat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<br>Hem g\u00f6vdede hem de yapraklarda bulunan gland\u00fcler k\u0131llardan kaynaklanan ho\u015f olmayan bir kokusu vard\u0131r.<br>Bu zehirli bitki yaz aylar\u0131nda \u00e7i\u00e7ek a\u00e7ar.<br>\u00c7i\u00e7ekleri \u00e7an \u015feklinde ve koyu mor renktedir.<br><br>Meyveler k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck, parlak siyah meyvelerdir ve insanlar i\u00e7in en b\u00fcy\u00fck zehirlenme riskini temsil eder. Asl\u0131nda davetkar bir g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcme ve hatta ho\u015f bir tada sahiptirler.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><br><br><span style=\"color:#25a608\" class=\"has-inline-color\">G\u00fczelavrat otunun riskleri<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><br>Meyvelerin yenmesi, duyarl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n azalmas\u0131yla ba\u015flayan ciddi bir semptomatolojiye neden olur. Bu, psikotik deliryum bi\u00e7imleri ve g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc susuzluk ve ard\u0131ndan kusma ile ili\u015fkilidir. En ciddi zehirlenme vakalar\u0131nda konv\u00fclsiyonlar, kardiyovask\u00fcler bozukluklar, solunum felci ve dolay\u0131s\u0131yla \u00f6l\u00fcm olabilir.<br>Bu etkiler, bitkinin k\u00f6klerde sentezledi\u011fi ve daha sonra bitkinin geri kalan k\u0131sm\u0131nda, \u00f6zellikle meyvelerde yer de\u011fi\u015ftirdi\u011fi atropin, skopolamin ve hyoscyamine gibi alkaloidlerin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan kaynaklanmaktad\u0131r.<br><br>En \u00e7ok risk alt\u0131nda olanlar, g\u00fczelavrat otunun meyvelerini yaban mersini meyveleri ile kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131rabilen \u00e7ocuklard\u0131r.<br>Neden oldu\u011fu semptomatoloji nedeniyle, g\u00fczelavrat otu cad\u0131 bitkisi olarak da bilinir ve kullan\u0131m\u0131 \u015feytani rit\u00fcellerle ili\u015fkilendirilir.<br>G\u00fczelavrat otu zehirlenmesinde, derhal bir mide y\u0131kama ve aktif k\u00f6m\u00fcr ile tedavi edilmelidir, bu da zehiri yak\u0131nda yok etmeye hizmet eder. Zehrin emilimini yava\u015flatmak i\u00e7in, hipertermiyi azaltan sakinle\u015ftirici veya so\u011fuk banyolar uygulamak uygundur.<br>Neyse ki \u00fclkemizde 1400 metreye kadar d\u00fczl\u00fcklerden ormanlarda ve a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131klarda buldu\u011fumuz ender bir t\u00fcr olarak kabul ediliyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><br>G\u00fczelavrat otu, zehirli bitkiler aras\u0131nda say\u0131lmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, iyi i\u015flenmi\u015fse fitoterapide kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Asl\u0131nda yapraklar, antihemoroidal yat\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 ve antimuskarinik gibi \u00e7e\u015fitli tedavi edici \u00f6zelliklere sahiptir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery columns-2 is-cropped wp-block-gallery-3 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\"><ul class=\"blocks-gallery-grid\"><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><a href=\"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/guzelavrat-otu.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"960\" height=\"508\" src=\"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/guzelavrat-otu.jpg\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"7320\" data-full-url=\"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/guzelavrat-otu.jpg\" data-link=\"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/?attachment_id=7320#main\" class=\"wp-image-7320\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/guzelavrat-otu.jpg 960w, https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/guzelavrat-otu-300x159.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/guzelavrat-otu-768x406.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 960px) 100vw, 960px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><\/li><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><a href=\"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/guzelavrat-otu1.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"960\" height=\"720\" src=\"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/guzelavrat-otu1.jpg\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"7321\" data-full-url=\"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/guzelavrat-otu1.jpg\" data-link=\"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/?attachment_id=7321#main\" class=\"wp-image-7321\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/guzelavrat-otu1.jpg 960w, https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/guzelavrat-otu1-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/guzelavrat-otu1-768x576.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 960px) 100vw, 960px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><\/li><\/ul><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span style=\"color:#25a608\" class=\"has-inline-color\">Bald\u0131ran otu \/ Conium maculatum<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Zehirli bitkiler aras\u0131nda en k\u00f6t\u00fcs\u00fc Apiaceae familyas\u0131na ait bir bitki olan bald\u0131ran otudur.<br>Bald\u0131ran otu, beyaz renkli b\u00fcy\u00fck etli bir k\u00f6ke sahiptir. \u00d6zellikle sap\u0131 k\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda kedi veya farenin idrar\u0131n\u0131 hat\u0131rlatan ho\u015f olmayan kokusu nedeniyle de kolayca tan\u0131n\u0131r.<br>G\u00f6vde y\u00fcksekli\u011fi iki metreye kadar ula\u015fabilir. \u0130\u00e7i bo\u015f, t\u00fcys\u00fcz bir y\u00fczeye sahiptir ve t\u00fcm uzunlu\u011fu boyunca \u015farap k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131s\u0131 lekelerle i\u015faretlenmi\u015ftir.<br>Yapraklar b\u00fcy\u00fck, ortalama 50 cm uzunlu\u011funda ve 40 cm geni\u015fli\u011findedir. \u015eekilleri \u00fc\u00e7gen \u015feklindedir ve bir\u00e7ok k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck yapra\u011fa b\u00f6l\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<br>\u00c7i\u00e7ekler, ikinci y\u0131ldan itibaren bitki \u00fczerinde varl\u0131k g\u00f6sterirler.<br>Beyazd\u0131rlar ve \u015femsiye benzeri bir \u00e7i\u00e7eklenme vard\u0131r.<br><br>\u00c7i\u00e7eklenme d\u00f6nemi Nisan ve A\u011fustos aylar\u0131 aras\u0131ndad\u0131r.<br><br>K\u0131rlar\u0131m\u0131zda \u00e7ok yayg\u0131n olan zehirli bir bitkidir. \u00c7itlerin veya a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131n kenarlar\u0131 ve nehirlerin yak\u0131nlar\u0131 gibi daha serin yerleri tercih eder.<br>Bald\u0131ran otunun di\u011fer zehirli bitkilere k\u0131yasla pop\u00fclaritesi, antik Yunanistan&#8217;da kullan\u0131lmaya ba\u015flanmas\u0131ndan kaynaklanmaktad\u0131r. Burada asl\u0131nda zehirlenerek \u00f6l\u00fcm cezas\u0131 vermek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131yordu. Bald\u0131ran zehirlenmesinin en me\u015fhur kurban\u0131 filozof Sokrates&#8217;ti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><br><br><span style=\"color:#25a608\" class=\"has-inline-color\">Bald\u0131ran otu riskleri<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><br>Bitkinin y\u00fcksek zehirlili\u011fi, 5 alkaloidin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan kaynaklanmaktad\u0131r: coniine, conidrin, ps\u00f6doconidrin, methylconicin ve conicein.<br>Bu toksik alkaloidler, bu n\u00f6rotoksin s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131na \u00f6zg\u00fc zehirlenme semptomlar\u0131na neden olur. Bunlar \u015funlardan olu\u015fur: g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc t\u00fck\u00fcr\u00fck salg\u0131s\u0131, yo\u011fun kas titremesi, yayg\u0131n spazmlar, solunum \u00e7\u00f6kmesi nedeniyle \u00f6l\u00fcm.<br><br>Do\u011frudan zehirlenme, bitkinin sahip oldu\u011fu mide buland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 koku nedeniyle olduk\u00e7a nadir bir hipotez ise, dolayl\u0131 zehirlenme vakalar\u0131 \u00e7ok daha s\u0131kt\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin b\u0131ld\u0131rc\u0131n gibi bir ku\u015f bald\u0131ran yiyebilir ve toksik prensipleri kendi etinde biriktirebilir.<br>Bald\u0131ran otu ile ilgili risklerden bir di\u011feri, di\u011fer benzer t\u00fcrlerin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, zehirli olmayan yayg\u0131n bitkilerle tehlikeli bir \u015fekilde kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131labilmesidir. \u00d6rnekler aras\u0131nda yabani maydanoz (bu nedenle yayg\u0131n ad\u0131 yalanc\u0131 maydanoz) veya frenk maydanozu bulunur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery columns-2 is-cropped wp-block-gallery-4 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\"><ul class=\"blocks-gallery-grid\"><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"960\" height=\"720\" src=\"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/baldiran-otu.jpg\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"7322\" data-full-url=\"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/baldiran-otu.jpg\" data-link=\"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/?attachment_id=7322#main\" class=\"wp-image-7322\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/baldiran-otu.jpg 960w, https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/baldiran-otu-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/baldiran-otu-768x576.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 960px) 100vw, 960px\" \/><\/figure><\/li><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"960\" height=\"640\" src=\"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/baldiran-otu1.jpg\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"7323\" data-full-url=\"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/baldiran-otu1.jpg\" data-link=\"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/?attachment_id=7323#main\" class=\"wp-image-7323\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/baldiran-otu1.jpg 960w, https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/baldiran-otu1-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/baldiran-otu1-768x512.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 960px) 100vw, 960px\" \/><\/figure><\/li><\/ul><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span style=\"color:#25a608\" class=\"has-inline-color\">Mezeryon \/ Daphne mezereum<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Mezeryon (Daphne mezereum), Thymelaeaceae botanik ailesine ait zehirli bir bitkidir.<br>G\u00fcr bir al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131\u011fa sahip olan bu bitki 70 cm&#8217;yi ge\u00e7mez. G\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015fe g\u00f6re \u00e7\u0131plak ve kuru dallarda \u00e7i\u00e7ek ve meyve \u00fcretebilmesi nedeniyle &#8220;fior di stecco&#8221; (\u00e7ubuk \u00e7i\u00e7ek) olarak da adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r.<br>Gri ila pembe renkli kabu\u011fu olan odunsu bir g\u00f6vdeye sahiptir. Yan dallar b\u00fcy\u00fckt\u00fcr ve \u00f6nceki mevsimde d\u00fc\u015fen yapraklardan kalan k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck yumrular vard\u0131r.<br>Bu zehirli bitkinin salk\u0131m\u0131, yapraklar\u0131n dingilinde 3&#8217;l\u00fc gruplar halinde toplanm\u0131\u015f mor renkli birka\u00e7 \u00e7i\u00e7ekten olu\u015fur.<br>Meyveleri 9-10 mm \u00e7ap\u0131nda k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 zehirli meyvelerdir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><br><br><span style=\"color:#25a608\" class=\"has-inline-color\">Mezeryon riskleri<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><br>Mezeryon, yabani floram\u0131zdaki en tehlikeli zehirli bitkilerden biridir. Meyvelerle tek temas, birka\u00e7 saat i\u00e7inde g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc k\u0131zar\u0131kl\u0131kla birlikte kabarc\u0131k ve kabarc\u0131k olu\u015fumuna neden olmak i\u00e7in yeterlidir. Bu nedenle dilenciler taraf\u0131ndan cilt yaralar\u0131n\u0131 sim\u00fcle etmek, insanlara ac\u0131nd\u0131rmak ve sadaka istemek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Yeti\u015fkin bir denek i\u00e7in yakla\u015f\u0131k on meyvenin yutulmas\u0131 \u00f6l\u00fcme neden olmak i\u00e7in yeterlidir, oysa bir \u00e7ocuk i\u00e7in bu say\u0131 2-3 taneye iner.<br>Zehirlenmenin semptomatolojisi, akut apandisitinkine benzer gastrointestinal sorunlar\u0131 i\u00e7erir: g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ishal, yo\u011fun t\u00fck\u00fcr\u00fck, ciddi n\u00f6rolojik semptomlar.<br>Bu t\u00fcr bitkiler i\u00e7in \u00f6zel bir panzehir yoktur.<br>Ormanlarda 500 ila 1800 m rak\u0131m aras\u0131nda \u00e7ok yayg\u0131n bir t\u00fcrd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery columns-2 is-cropped wp-block-gallery-5 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\"><ul class=\"blocks-gallery-grid\"><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><a href=\"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/mezeryon.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"960\" height=\"539\" src=\"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/mezeryon.jpg\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"7324\" data-full-url=\"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/mezeryon.jpg\" data-link=\"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/?attachment_id=7324#main\" class=\"wp-image-7324\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/mezeryon.jpg 960w, https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/mezeryon-300x168.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/mezeryon-768x431.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 960px) 100vw, 960px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><\/li><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><a href=\"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/mezeryon1.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"332\" height=\"400\" src=\"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/mezeryon1.jpg\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"7325\" data-full-url=\"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/mezeryon1.jpg\" data-link=\"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/?attachment_id=7325#main\" class=\"wp-image-7325\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/mezeryon1.jpg 332w, https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/mezeryon1-249x300.jpg 249w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 332px) 100vw, 332px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><\/li><\/ul><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span style=\"color:#25a608\" class=\"has-inline-color\">Yabani yasemin \/ Solanum dulcamara<\/span> <\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Yabani yasemin&nbsp;(Solanum dulcamara), Solanaceae familyas\u0131na ait bir bitkidir.<br>Kendili\u011finden geli\u015fen floram\u0131zda bulunan en zehirli bitkiler aras\u0131nda yer almamas\u0131na ra\u011fmen tedavisi ilgiyi hak etmektedir. Bunun nedeni, \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n daha kolay zehirlendi\u011fi bitkilerden biridir.<br>Asl\u0131nda bu bitki, ku\u015f \u00fcz\u00fcm\u00fc ile \u00e7ok benzer, ac\u0131-tatl\u0131 bir tada sahip k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 meyveler \u00fcretir, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla Latince ad\u0131d\u0131r. Kendini desteklemek i\u00e7in di\u011fer bitkilere yaslanan, g\u00fcr, yapraklar\u0131 d\u00f6k\u00fclen g\u00fcr, meyveli bir t\u0131rmanma bitkisidir.<br><br>\u00dclkemizde olduk\u00e7a yayg\u0131n bir t\u00fcr olup, Akdeniz maki ve a\u011fa\u00e7l\u0131k alanlar\u0131 tercih edilerek 1500 metreye kadar ovalarda mevcuttur.<br>Yabani yasemin meyveleri, meyveler olgunla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131nda konsantrasyonu azalan alkaloidler i\u00e7erir. Alkaloidlerin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra meyveler y\u00fcksek dozda saponinler ve kalsiyum oksalat i\u00e7erirler, bunlar ba\u011f\u0131rsak sorunlar\u0131na neden olabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><br><br><span style=\"color:#25a608\" class=\"has-inline-color\">Yabani Yasemin&#8217;in Riskleri<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><br>Yabani yasemin sarma\u015f\u0131k zehirlenmesinin semptomatolojisi kar\u0131n a\u011fr\u0131lar\u0131, kusma ve hipotermiden ba\u015flayarak geli\u015fir. B\u00fcy\u00fck miktarlarda yutulmas\u0131 durumunda nefes alma zorlu\u011fu eklenir. Semptomlar, birka\u00e7 saat sonra ortaya \u00e7\u0131kabilecekleri i\u00e7in biraz belirsizdir ve as\u0131l neden hakk\u0131nda olas\u0131 kafa kar\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131klar\u0131 yarat\u0131r. Her neyse, \u00f6l\u00fcmc\u00fcl zehirlenme vakalar\u0131 \u00e7ok nadirdir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery columns-2 is-cropped wp-block-gallery-6 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\"><ul class=\"blocks-gallery-grid\"><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"850\" height=\"567\" src=\"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/yabani-yasemin.png\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"7326\" data-full-url=\"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/yabani-yasemin.png\" data-link=\"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/?attachment_id=7326#main\" class=\"wp-image-7326\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/yabani-yasemin.png 850w, https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/yabani-yasemin-300x200.png 300w, https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/yabani-yasemin-768x512.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 850px) 100vw, 850px\" \/><\/figure><\/li><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"500\" src=\"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/yabaniyasemin1.jpg\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"7327\" data-full-url=\"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/yabaniyasemin1.jpg\" data-link=\"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/?attachment_id=7327#main\" class=\"wp-image-7327\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/yabaniyasemin1.jpg 500w, https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/yabaniyasemin1-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/yabaniyasemin1-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><\/figure><\/li><\/ul><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span style=\"color:#25a608\" class=\"has-inline-color\">K\u00f6pek&nbsp;\u00fcz\u00fcm\u00fc \/ Solanum nigrum<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">K\u00f6pek&nbsp;\u00fcz\u00fcm\u00fc (Solanum nigrum), en yayg\u0131n kendili\u011finden olu\u015fan zehirli bitkiler aras\u0131ndad\u0131r. O da g\u00fczelavrat otu gibi Solanaceae ailesine aittir.<br>Ayn\u0131 zamanda sebze bah\u00e7esi otu olarak da bilinir. Ad\u0131ndan da anla\u015f\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 gibi \u00f6zellikle siyah meyveler ezilirse ve tohum da\u011f\u0131l\u0131rsa \u00fcreme kabiliyeti \u00e7ok y\u00fcksektir.<br>Morfolojik yap\u0131 olarak patl\u0131cana \u00e7ok benzeyen bir bitkidir. G\u00f6vdesi \u00e7ok dall\u0131, taban k\u0131sm\u0131 odunsu, p\u00fcr\u00fczs\u00fcz bir y\u00fczeye ve misk kokusuna sahip.<br>Yapraklar, ovalden m\u0131zrak \u015feklinde de\u011fi\u015fken bir \u015fekle sahip olarak, sap boyunca d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcml\u00fc bir \u015fekilde d\u00fczenlenmi\u015ftir.<br>\u00c7i\u00e7ekler beyazd\u0131r ve onlardan meyveler \u00e7\u0131kar, tipik meyveler, \u00f6nce ye\u015fil, sonra parlak siyah. K\u00f6pek \u00fcz\u00fcm\u00fc otu meyveleri k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fckt\u00fcr &nbsp;fakat \u00e7ok say\u0131da salk\u0131m halinde toplan\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><br><br><span style=\"color:#25a608\" class=\"has-inline-color\">K\u00f6pek&nbsp;\u00fcz\u00fcm\u00fc riskleri<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><br>Bu t\u00fcr\u00fcn zehirlenme tehlikesi, solasodin gibi y\u00fcksek miktarda steroidal alkaloid i\u00e7eren olgunla\u015fmam\u0131\u015f meyvelerin varsay\u0131lmas\u0131ndan kaynaklanmaktad\u0131r. Ancak bu t\u00fcr alkaloidler g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde deneysel farmakolojide cildin baz\u0131 t\u00fcm\u00f6rlerini tedavi etmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<br>\u0130nsan i\u00e7in potansiyel olarak tehlikeli bir miktar, 10 tane meyvedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery columns-2 is-cropped wp-block-gallery-7 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\"><ul class=\"blocks-gallery-grid\"><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><a href=\"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/kopek-uzumu.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"960\" height=\"720\" src=\"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/kopek-uzumu.jpg\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"7328\" data-full-url=\"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/kopek-uzumu.jpg\" data-link=\"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/?attachment_id=7328#main\" class=\"wp-image-7328\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/kopek-uzumu.jpg 960w, https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/kopek-uzumu-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/kopek-uzumu-768x576.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 960px) 100vw, 960px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><\/li><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><a href=\"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/kopek-uzumu1.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"960\" height=\"640\" src=\"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/kopek-uzumu1.jpg\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"7329\" data-full-url=\"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/kopek-uzumu1.jpg\" data-link=\"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/?attachment_id=7329#main\" class=\"wp-image-7329\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/kopek-uzumu1.jpg 960w, https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/kopek-uzumu1-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/kopek-uzumu1-768x512.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 960px) 100vw, 960px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><\/li><\/ul><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span style=\"color:#25a608\" class=\"has-inline-color\">Yabani marul<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Zehirli marul (Lactuca virosa), Asteraceae&#8217;nin botanik ailesine ait otsu bir bitkidir. Klasik marul olan Lactuca sativa&#8217;n\u0131n vah\u015fi ve yenmeyen akrabas\u0131 olarak d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnebiliriz. G\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015f\u00fc, yenilebilir marulla benzerdir, ancak \u00e7ok daha k\u0131ll\u0131d\u0131r ve 1,5 metre y\u00fcksekli\u011fe kadar ula\u015fabilir. \u00c7orak arazide \u00e7ok yayg\u0131n olan zehirli bir bitkidir. Ayr\u0131ca ovadan 800 metre y\u00fcksekli\u011fe kadar eski duvarlar ve yol kenarlar\u0131nda da bulunur.<br>Toksisite, bitkinin hava k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131nda bulunan \u00e7ok ac\u0131 beyaz lateksten kaynaklanmaktad\u0131r. Bu lateks, insan i\u00e7in toksik olan seskiterpen laktonlardan, yani laktusin ve laktukoprinden olu\u015fur.<br>Antik \u00e7a\u011fda bu lateks kurutuldu ve t\u0131pta afyon yerine sakinle\u015ftirici olarak kullan\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery columns-2 is-cropped wp-block-gallery-8 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\"><ul class=\"blocks-gallery-grid\"><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><a href=\"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/yabani-marul-1.jpeg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"512\" src=\"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/yabani-marul-1.jpeg\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"7330\" data-full-url=\"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/yabani-marul-1.jpeg\" data-link=\"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/?attachment_id=7330#main\" class=\"wp-image-7330\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/yabani-marul-1.jpeg 683w, https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/yabani-marul-1-300x225.jpeg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><\/li><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><a href=\"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/yabani-marul.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"350\" height=\"299\" src=\"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/yabani-marul.jpg\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"7331\" data-full-url=\"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/yabani-marul.jpg\" data-link=\"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/?attachment_id=7331#main\" class=\"wp-image-7331\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/yabani-marul.jpg 350w, https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/yabani-marul-300x256.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 350px) 100vw, 350px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><\/li><\/ul><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span style=\"color:#25a608\" class=\"has-inline-color\">Zakkum \/ Nerium oleander<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Zakkum (Nerium oleander) Apocinaceae familyas\u0131na ait bir \u00e7al\u0131 t\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fcr.<br>Akdeniz&#8217;e \u00f6zg\u00fc, bitkisel geli\u015fimi y\u00fcksek, yaprak d\u00f6kmeyen bir \u00e7al\u0131d\u0131r. Bitkiyi tan\u0131mak i\u00e7in, tipik m\u0131zrak \u015feklinde k\u00f6sele dokulu ve koyu ye\u015fil renkli yapraklar\u0131na bakmak yeterlidir. Beyaz, pembe veya k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131, de\u011fi\u015fken renklerde \u00e7i\u00e7eklerle a\u00e7\u0131k ve g\u00f6rkemli \u00e7i\u00e7eklenme de a\u00e7\u0131k ve nettir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span style=\"color:#25a608\" class=\"has-inline-color\">Zakkum riskleri ve kullan\u0131mlar\u0131<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><br>Zehirli bitkilerin bir par\u00e7as\u0131 yapan toksisitesi, y\u00fcksek miktarda kardiyak glikozit, \u00e7ok zehirli maddelerden kaynaklan\u0131r.<br>Toksik aktif madde oleandrin olarak adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r ve bu arada, toprakta \u00e7ok iyi bir stabilite sa\u011flayabilen ve yapraklar\u0131n d\u00f6k\u00fclmesinden 300 g\u00fcn sonra bile tespit edilebilir.<br><br>Evde kompostlama yapanlar\u0131n komposta zakkum yapraklar\u0131 ekleyip eklemeyecekleri konusunda \u015f\u00fcpheleri olabilir. Zakkum bitkiler taraf\u0131ndan emilmedi\u011finden kompost i\u00e7erisindeki varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n onu zehirli yapmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yleyebiliriz.<br>bununla birlikte, meyvesi olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in zakkum zehirlenmesi riski olduk\u00e7a d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckt\u00fcr. Ayr\u0131ca bitki, yutulmas\u0131 halinde kusmay\u0131 ve dolay\u0131s\u0131yla yutulan par\u00e7alar\u0131n ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 te\u015fvik eden saponinler i\u00e7erir. \u00dcstelik \u00e7ok ac\u0131 tad\u0131 yutmaya davet etmiyor.<br>Herhangi bir \u015feyi yutma al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131klar\u0131 nedeniyle her zaman risk alt\u0131nda olan \u00e7ocuklara her durumda dikkat edin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery columns-2 is-cropped wp-block-gallery-9 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\"><ul class=\"blocks-gallery-grid\"><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><a href=\"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/zakkum1.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"960\" height=\"640\" src=\"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/zakkum1.jpg\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"7333\" data-full-url=\"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/zakkum1.jpg\" data-link=\"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/?attachment_id=7333#main\" class=\"wp-image-7333\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/zakkum1.jpg 960w, https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/zakkum1-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/zakkum1-768x512.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 960px) 100vw, 960px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><\/li><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><a href=\"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/zakkum.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"960\" height=\"540\" src=\"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/zakkum.jpg\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"7332\" data-full-url=\"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/zakkum.jpg\" data-link=\"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/?attachment_id=7332#main\" class=\"wp-image-7332\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/zakkum.jpg 960w, https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/zakkum-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/zakkum-768x432.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 960px) 100vw, 960px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><\/li><\/ul><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span style=\"color:#25a608\" class=\"has-inline-color\">Yayg\u0131n porsuk \/ Taxus baccata<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Porsuk (Taxus baccata), kozalakl\u0131 a\u011fa\u00e7, Taxaceae familyas\u0131na ait a\u011fa\u00e7tan bahseden zehirli bitkiler hakk\u0131ndaki incelememizi tamamlad\u0131k.<br>Bu a\u011fa\u00e7 ayn\u0131 zamanda \u00f6l\u00fcm a\u011fac\u0131 olarak da bilinir ve asl\u0131nda en zehirli bitkilerden biridir. Ad\u0131n\u0131n, toksikoloji teriminin kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 Yunanca toksikinden geldi\u011fini s\u00f6ylemek yeterli.<br>\u00dclkemizde kire\u00e7li topra\u011f\u0131 ile nemli ve taze yerleri tercih ederek farkl\u0131 alanlarda mevcuttur. Porsuk, yaprak d\u00f6kmeyen bir a\u011fa\u00e7t\u0131r. \u00c7ok yava\u015f bir b\u00fcy\u00fcme ile karakterizedir, ancak tam olgunla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131nda 20 metre y\u00fcksekli\u011fe de ula\u015fabilir. Dallar\u0131 \u00e7ok d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck ve k\u00fcresel bir \u015fekle sahiptir. Yapraklar bitkinin en zehirli k\u0131sm\u0131d\u0131r. \u00c7izgisel bir \u015fekle sahiptirler, hafif kavisli olsalar bile, yakla\u015f\u0131k 3 cm uzunlu\u011fundad\u0131rlar, \u00fcst sayfada koyu ye\u015fil, altta daha a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131rlar. Dallar \u00fczerinde iki z\u0131t s\u0131ra halinde spiral \u015fekilde d\u00fczenlenmi\u015ftir.<br>Meyve vermeyen, ancak tanecik veren, tohumu saran a\u00e7\u0131k k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 renkli bir bitkidir. \u0130kincisi \u00e7ok zehirlidir, aril olmasa da teoride yenilebilir (denememek daha iyidir!).<br>Porsuk, zoofilik bir bitkidir, yani \u00fcremek i\u00e7in hayvanlar\u0131 kullan\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin ku\u015flar, tanecikleri yerler, kendilerini zehirlemeden sindirirler ve tohumlar\u0131 d\u0131\u015fk\u0131lar\u0131yla da\u011f\u0131t\u0131rlar, yeni a\u011fa\u00e7lar do\u011fururlar. Ancak di\u011fer hayvanlar i\u00e7in porsuk tohumlar\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fcd\u00fcr. \u00d6rne\u011fin at, en \u00e7ok risk alt\u0131ndaki t\u00fcrlerden biridir. Ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131k olan di\u011fer hayvan t\u00fcrleri ke\u00e7ilerdir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span style=\"color:#25a608\" class=\"has-inline-color\">Porsuk riskleri ve kullan\u0131mlar\u0131<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><br>Bitkinin toksik aktif bile\u015feni, kalp i\u00e7in \u00e7ok toksik olan bir terpen alkaloid kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131 olan taksindir. Belirli bir panzehir de olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan bitkinin \u00e7ok az yapra\u011f\u0131 insanlar i\u00e7in \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fcd\u00fcr.<br>Ancak bu bitkinin modern farmakolojide \u00e7ok y\u00fcksek bir de\u011fere sahip oldu\u011fu s\u00f6ylenmelidir. Kabu\u011fu asl\u0131nda, meme kanserinin tedavisi i\u00e7in etkili ila\u00e7lar\u0131n \u00fcretiminde uzun s\u00fcredir kullan\u0131lan bir diterpen olan taksol i\u00e7erir.<br>Ge\u00e7mi\u015fte, eski zamanlardan beri porsuk a\u011fac\u0131 yay \u00fcretimi i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131yordu. \u00d6rne\u011fin Similaun Mumyas\u0131&#8217;n\u0131n odunu porsuk a\u011fac\u0131ndan yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<br>Bu gelenek, yay \u00fcretimi i\u00e7in porsuk a\u011fac\u0131n\u0131n sentetik liflerle de\u011fi\u015ftirildi\u011fi daha yak\u0131n zamanlara kadar devam etti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery columns-2 is-cropped wp-block-gallery-10 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\"><ul class=\"blocks-gallery-grid\"><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><a href=\"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/porsuk.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"960\" height=\"640\" src=\"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/porsuk.jpg\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"7334\" data-full-url=\"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/porsuk.jpg\" data-link=\"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/?attachment_id=7334#main\" class=\"wp-image-7334\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/porsuk.jpg 960w, https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/porsuk-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/porsuk-768x512.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 960px) 100vw, 960px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><\/li><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><a href=\"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/porsuk1.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"960\" height=\"640\" src=\"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/porsuk1.jpg\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"7335\" data-full-url=\"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/porsuk1.jpg\" data-link=\"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/?attachment_id=7335#main\" class=\"wp-image-7335\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/porsuk1.jpg 960w, https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/porsuk1-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/porsuk1-768x512.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 960px) 100vw, 960px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><\/li><\/ul><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/index.php\/masanobu-fukuoka\/\">Masanobu Fukuoka<\/a>\u2018n\u0131n insanl\u0131\u011fa hediyesi <a href=\"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/index.php\/2019\/06\/21\/dogal-tarim\/\">do\u011fal tar\u0131m<\/a>da <a href=\"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/index.php\/topragi-islemek-yok\/\">topra\u011f\u0131 i\u015flemek<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/index.php\/gubrelemek-yok\/\">g\u00fcbrelemek<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/index.php\/yabani-ot-temizligi-yok\/\">yabani ot temizli\u011fi<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/index.php\/tarim-ilaclari-yok\/\">ila\u00e7lama <\/a>ve <a href=\"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/index.php\/agaclari-budamak-yok\/\">a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131 budamak yok<\/a>. Rahat b\u0131rak\u0131lan do\u011fa m\u00fckemmel bir dengededir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/\">Do\u011fal Tar\u0131m Merkezi <\/a>olarak d\u00fcnyan\u0131n \u00e7e\u015fitli yerlerinde <a href=\"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/index.php\/cirali-antalya-temmuz\/\">\u00fccretsiz seminerler<\/a>, ormanla\u015ft\u0131rma i\u00e7in <a href=\"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/index.php\/2019\/12\/01\/kasim-ayi-tohumlamalari\/\">tohumlamalar<\/a>, yeni <a href=\"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/index.php\/italya-dogal-tarim-ciftligi\/\">do\u011fal tar\u0131m \u00e7iftlikleri<\/a> kurmak i\u00e7in \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar yap\u0131yoruz. Sizde do\u011fal g\u0131dalar \u00fcretmek ve tohumlamalar ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmek isterseniz bize <a href=\"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/index.php\/iletisim\/\">ula\u015fabilirsiniz.<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Tan\u0131ma ve \u00f6nlemler Zehirli bitkiler do\u011fada ve \u00fclkemizde de bol miktarda bulunur. Bu nedenle, onlar\u0131 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7314","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-genel"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7314","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7314"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7314\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9428,"href":"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7314\/revisions\/9428"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7314"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7314"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dogal-tarim.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7314"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}